Scheduled Monument: CROSS LOW BOWL BARROW (1011009)

REASONS FOR DESIGNATION Bowl barrows, the most numerous form of round barrow, are funerary monuments dating from the Late Neolithic period to the Late Bronze Age, with most examples belonging to the period 2400-1500 BC. They were constructed as earthen or rubble mounds, sometimes ditched, which covered single or multiple burials. They occur either in isolation or grouped as cemeteries and often acted as a focus for burials in later periods. Often superficially similar, although differing widely in size, they exhibit regional variations in form and a diversity of burial practices. There are over 10,000 surviving bowl barrows recorded nationally (many more have already been destroyed), occurring across most of lowland Britain. Often occupying prominent locations, they are a major historic element in the modern landscape and their considerable variation of form and longevity as a monument type provide important information on the diversity of beliefs and social organisations amongst early prehistoric communities. They are particularly representative of their period and a substantial proportion of surviving examples are considered worthy of protection. Despite some disturbance caused by excavation, Cross Low bowl barrow is still a reasonably well preserved example containing further significant archaeological remains. DETAILS Cross Low bowl barrow is a roughly circular cairn located on Cross Low Bank in the south-western ridges of the limestone plateau of Derbyshire. The monument includes a mound measuring c.20m by 18m and standing c.1m high. This was partially excavated by Thomas Bateman in 1843 and found to contain a crouched skeleton in a rough cist which also contained a fragment of stone axe and the cremated remains of two infants. Both the inhumation and the cremations were accompanied by ceremonial food vessels indicating a Bronze Age date for the barrow. Five other skeletons were found alongside the cist, one being accompanied by a food vessel and a bone pin. Another skeleton found nearer the surface would have been a secondary insertion and indicates an extended period of use for the barrow. Excluded from the scheduling are the walls crossing the edges of the monument, although the ground beneath them is included. SELECTED SOURCES Book Reference - Author: Abercromby, J - Title: Bronze Age Pottery of the British Isles - Date: 1912 - Volume: 2 - Page References: 116 - Type: DESC TEXT - Description: Fig 100 Book Reference - Author: Barnatt, J - Title: The Peak District Barrow Survey (1989) - Date: 1989 Book Reference - Author: Barnatt, J - Title: The Peak District Barrow Survey (1989) - Date: 1989 Book Reference - Author: Bateman, T. - Title: Vestiges of the Antiquities of Derbyshire - Date: 1848 - Page References: 49 - Type: DESC TEXT Book Reference - Author: Marsden B - Title: The Burial Mounds of Derbyshire (1977) - Date: 1977 - Page References: 31 - Type: DESC TEXT Article Reference - Author: Fowler, M - Title: The Transition from the Late Neolithic...in the Peak District - Date: 1955 - Journal Title: Derbyshire Archaeological Journal - Type: DESC TEXT Article Reference - Author: Manby T G - Title: Food Vessels of the Peak District (1957) - Date: 1957 - Journal Title: Derbyshire Archaeological Journal - Volume: 77 - Page References: 1-29 - Type: DESC TEXT